Invar 36 is an alloy containing 35.4% nickel. It has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion at room temperature (the average value is about 1.6×10-6/℃ between -20°C and 20°C). It is known as the "king of metals" and is an essential structural material for precision instruments and equipment.
Invar 36 Similar Grades
Country Brand United States Invar
France Fe-Ni36 United Kingdom Nilo36 Japan Cactus LE Russia Invar 36 Chemical composition Inva alloy is a high nickel alloy, usually contains 32%-36% nickel, also contains a small amount of S, P, C and other elements, because nickel for the expansion of austenite elements, so high nickel makes austenite to martensite phase change down to below room temperature, -100 ~ -120 ℃, and therefore after annealing, Inva alloy at room temperature and a certain temperature range below room temperature, have a face-centered lattice structure of austenite organization, but also nickel dissolved in γ-Fe formed solid solution, so Inva alloy has the following properties. 1. Small coefficient of thermal expansion Plasticity, toughness, elongation, section shrinkage and impact toughness are all high, with elongation δ= 30-45% and shrinkage δ=50-70%. Impact toughness αK=130-310 J/cm2.
The average coefficient of expansion at room temperature is 1.6×10-6/℃, and it is relatively stable at room temperature -80℃~230℃.
2. Low strength and hardness
Tensile strength is around 590Mpa, yield strength is around 410Mpa, Brinell hardness is around 141HBS.
3. Low thermal conductivity
The thermal conductivity is 10W/m.K, which is only about 1/4 of the thermal conductivity of 45 steel.
4. High plasticity and toughness
*Invar can not be heat treated to strengthen, its properties are similar to austenitic stainless steel, but more difficult to machine than austenitic stainless steel. Cutting machining is mainly characterized by high cutting forces and high cutting temperatures. In the process, also has a soft, sticky characteristics and great plasticity, not easy to break the chip, intensify the wear of the tool, reduce the machining accuracy of the workpiece, and therefore must use high-performance tools.
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